Rebel Forces Capture Deraa Region in Southern Syria, Escalating Tensions in Civil War
Rebel forces in southern Syria have reportedly seized control of most of the Deraa region, marking a significant development in the ongoing civil war. The Deraa area, known as the birthplace of the 2011 uprising against President Bashar al-Assad, holds both symbolic and strategic importance. The UK-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights (SOHR) stated that after intense clashes, local rebel factions have captured over 90% of the region, with only the Sanamayn area remaining under government control.
The capture of Deraa follows a reported agreement between the rebels and Syrian military officials, in which the army would withdraw from the region, and military personnel would be granted safe passage to the capital, Damascus. Deraa’s significance is amplified by its proximity to the Jordanian border and its historical role in igniting the civil war when pro-democracy protests erupted there in 2011.
In response to the escalating violence, Jordan has closed its border with Syria, citing security concerns in the region. Both Jordan and Western countries, including the US and UK, have advised their citizens to leave Syria due to the worsening situation.
Meanwhile, the Syrian military is facing growing pressure on multiple fronts. In northern Syria, rebel groups have advanced toward Homs, a key strategic city, with airstrikes reported as Syrian forces attempt to push back the insurgents. Rebel forces have reportedly reached the outskirts of Homs, and recent battles have resulted in civilian casualties. SOHR reports that at least 820 people, including 111 civilians, have been killed since the offensive began, with over 370,000 people displaced.
The ongoing rebel assault, launched just over a week ago, has exposed the Syrian military’s vulnerabilities, as several important cities, including Hama and Aleppo, have fallen to the insurgents. The leader of the Islamist militant group Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), Abu Mohammed al-Jawlani, has declared that Homs is next on their path to Damascus, urging citizens to prepare for the fall of the regime.
The military’s withdrawal from key areas raises questions about its ability to defend the capital. Despite Syrian government denials, reports suggest that military forces are retreating to positions just 10 kilometers from Damascus, though these claims remain unverified.
The shifting dynamics in the war have prompted increased concern from Syria’s international allies. Iran has reportedly begun evacuating military personnel, and Russia, already stretched by its involvement in Ukraine, is reportedly urging its nationals to leave Syria. President Assad’s government has vowed to “crush” the rebels, but analysts note that his forces are demoralized, with low morale and widespread corruption.
As the conflict intensifies, the UN has called for renewed diplomatic efforts to address the escalating violence and humanitarian crisis, urging all parties involved to seek a political solution to the ongoing war.
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Prime Minister Starmer to Attend EU Security Summit Amid Tensions and Uncertainty
In early 2025, UK Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer will attend an informal summit of European Union (EU) leaders, marking the first invitation extended to the UK since the tense Brexit negotiations. The summit, scheduled for February, will focus on future security and defense cooperation, reflecting Europe’s growing concerns over the volatile global landscape.
The meeting’s backdrop is a world embroiled in conflict, with ongoing wars in the Middle East and Eastern Europe. Russia, with backing from Iran, North Korea, and China, continues its aggressive actions against Ukraine, while the potential re-election of Donald Trump in the United States raises new anxieties. Trump’s threats to impose punitive tariffs on imports and his suggestion of withdrawing from NATO—a cornerstone of Western security—have heightened concerns in both the EU and the UK. These global uncertainties have underscored the importance of EU-UK collaboration in preserving security and trade stability.
For the EU, the loss of the UK after Brexit was a blow, stripping the bloc of a significant economy and its only major military power aside from France. The UK, meanwhile, while no longer bound by EU regulations, finds itself with reduced influence on the world stage. However, under Labour’s leadership, the UK has acknowledged the importance of a strong relationship with Europe, especially in addressing key domestic priorities such as the economy, defense, and migration.
Mark Leonard, director of the European Council on Foreign Relations, emphasized that Europe remains central to the Labour government’s success. “The economy, defence, migration… there’s a European element to all of this,” he said. “Things which will make a success of this government are tied up with Europe.”
Labour has repeatedly pledged an “ambitious reset” in EU-UK relations, and there has been notable diplomatic activity since their election victory. Foreign Secretary David Lammy attended an EU Foreign Ministers’ meeting, Chancellor Rachel Reeves spoke at an EU finance ministers’ summit, and Starmer himself met with EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen in Brussels.
Despite this goodwill, skepticism persists in Brussels. While EU figures express a desire for closer UK relations, they remain uncertain about the UK’s position on key issues. One anonymous EU diplomat noted, “The headspace is there. The appetite is there in Europe for closer UK relations. What’s less clear is what London is really interested in—and what trade-offs it’s willing to make to get there.”
As the UK and the EU prepare for a summit in the spring, the future of their relationship will depend on the UK’s willingness to engage in meaningful compromise, particularly on issues like trade and migration. With tensions still high, the outcome of the 2025 summit will be a pivotal moment in reshaping EU-UK ties.
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